x## How to say “Why”
There are three ways to say “why” in Japanese:
| “Why” | Informal | Formal | Super Formal | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| なんで | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | |
| どうして | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | |
| なぜ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | For academic and poetic writing only |
How to say “Because”
There are five ways to say “because” in Japanese:
| “Because” | Informal | Semi-Formal | Formal | Na-Adj & Noun Modification | Verb in plain form? | Nuances | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| から | ✅ | ✅ | (✅) | だから | ❌ | (Semi-)formally can be used for quick replies with just the reason. | |
| ですから/ ますから | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Neighbours, friends’ parents, friendly colleagues, etc. When using “let’s …” | |
| ので | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | なので | ✅ | Meant when the reason is “objective” instead of “subjective”. You really should use this when owning up for your mistake. | |
| からです | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | だからです | ✅ | Usually used in interview/academic settings. Sounds formal, factual and pedantically correct. And so when used in a casual setting it can be rude, because it sounds like you’re teaching/explaining something to someone (e.g. “duh”). | |
| だから | ✅ | Technically means “so/that’s why”.だから, only can be used at the start of the sentence. |
The reason comes before the statement. However, it’s colloquially okay to use it after the sentence since you may not have the reason in your first when speaking.